Formulation and evaluation of Nimodipine-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles delivered via lymphatic transport system

In an attempt to increase oral bioavailability and to target intestinal lymphatic transport system, Nimodipine loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (NMD-SLNs) were prepared. Nimodipine (NMD) is highly lipophilic antihypertensive drug having (log P 3.41) and 13% oral bioavailability. NMD-SLNs were prepared with palmitic acid (PA), poloxamer 188 and soya lecithin as a lipid, surfactant and co-surfactant respectively using high pressure homogeniser. A (2(3)) factorial design was employed; three factors such as lipid, surfactant and co-surfactant concentration were used. Parameters investigated includes particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency (EE %), drug loading efficiency (LE %), in vitro drug release of the SLNs. Optimised SLNs (F8) had particle size of 116 +/- 21 nm, zeta potential of -10 +/- (-4.8) mV, EE of 93.66 +/- 9.72% and cumulative drug release of 87.52 +/- 2.54% in 10 h. The pharmacokinetic study of optimised SLNs conducted in male Albino Wistar rats showed 2.08-fold increase in relative bioavailability than that of NMD solution, when administered orally. Differential scanning calorimetry study revealed absence of any chemical interaction between NMD and PA while SEM study confirmed the non spherical shape of optimised SLNs. Accelerated stability studies showed that there was no significant change in the mean particle size and PDI after storage at 25 +/- 2 degrees C/60 +/- 5% RH for the period of three months. Due to enhanced bioavailability, these NMD-SLNs are considered to be promising vehicles for oral delivery. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.