期刊
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
卷 58, 期 2, 页码 177-194出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2008.06.002
关键词
Naive biology; Contamination understanding; Children's explanations; Children's predictions
资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [R37 HD022149, R01 HD022149] Funding Source: Medline
The present studies compare young children's explanations and predictions for the biological phenomenon of contamination. In Study 1, 36 preschoolers and 24 adults heard vignettes concerning contamination, and were asked either to make a prediction or to provide an explanation. Even 3-year-olds readily supplied contamination-based explanations, and most children mentioned ail unseen mechanism (germs, contact through bodily fluids). Moreover, unlike adults Who performed at ceiling across both explanation and prediction tasks, children were significantly more accurate with their explanations than their predictions. In Study 2, we varied the strength of cues regarding the desirability of the contaminated substance (N = 24 preschoolers). Although desirability affected responses, for both levels of desirability participants were significantly more accurate on explanation than prediction questions. Altogether, these Studies demonstrate a significant explanation advantage for children's reasoning in the domain of everyday biology. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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