期刊
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
卷 19, 期 10, 页码 980-987出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12103
关键词
Antibiotic resistance; belfanti; Corynebacterium diphtheriae; diphtheria; fluoroquinolone; non-toxigenic; toxoid
资金
- Institut Pasteur Foundation (Paris, France)
- CNRS-URA 3012
- Institut National de Veille Sanitaire (Saint Maurice, France)
Autochtonous toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae have disappeared in mainland France, but non-toxigenic C.diphtheriae are still circulating. Using phenotypic and molecular tools, we retrospectively characterized 103 non-toxigenic C.diphtheriae collected in mainland France and highlight several changes. The proportion of C.diphtheriae belfanti increased between 1977 and 2011 and it is the most frequent biotype recovered in recent years. Resistance to ciprofloxacin has increased and most isolates with decreased sensitivity belong to the belfanti biotype. Using multilocus sequence typing, we demonstrate that French isolates are distributed in a large number of sequence types and identify three distinct lineages. C.diphtheriae mitis and gravis form lineage I while C.diphtheriae belfanti forms lineages II and III. Almost all isolates of lineage II are part of a unique clonal complex or are very close to it. Most French isolates have a dtxR sequence homologous to that of toxigenic isolates, suggesting that if lyzogenised by a corynephage, they can express diphtheria toxin.
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