期刊
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
卷 151, 期 2, 页码 84-99出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.01.010
关键词
Tuberculosis; HIV; Human; Immune response; Cytokines
类别
资金
- Swedish Research Council (VR)
- Heart- and Lung Foundation (HLF)
- Swedish Society for Medical Research (SSMF)
- Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)
- Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB)
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF)
In this study, we explored the local cytokine/chemokine profiles in patients with active pulmonary or pleural tuberculosis (TB) using multiplex protein analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage and pleural fluid samples. Despite increased pro-inflammation compared to the uninfected controls; there was no up-regulation of IFN-gamma or the T cell chemoattractant CCL5 in the lung of patients with pulmonary TB. Instead, elevated levels of IL-4 and CCL4 were associated with high mycobacteria-specific IgG titres as well as SOCS3 (suppressors of cytokine signaling) mRNA and progression of moderate-to-severe disease. Contrary, IL-4, CCL4 and SOCS3 remained low in patients with extrapulmonary pleural TB, while IFN-gamma, CCL5 and SOCS1 were up-regulated. Both SOCS molecules were induced in human macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro. The Th2 immune response signature found in patients with progressive pulmonary TB could result from inappropriate cytokine/chemokine responses and excessive SOCS3 expression that may represent potential targets for clinical TB management. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
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