The role of naive T-cells in HIV-1 pathogenesis: An emerging key player

Functional naive T-cells are critical for an effective immune response to multiple pathogens. HIV leads to a significant reduction in CD4+ naive T-cell number and impaired function and there is incomplete recovery following combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Here we review the basic homeostatic mechanisms that maintain naive CD4+ T-cells and discuss recent developments in understanding the impact of HIV infection on naive CD4+ T-cells. Finally we review therapeutic interventions in HIV-infected individuals aimed at specifically enhancing recovery of naive CD4+ T-cells. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.