期刊
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
卷 97, 期 6, 页码 1049-1070出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3RU0115-021R
关键词
MAG lipase; anandamide; prostaglandin; leukotriene; leukocyte; eicosanoid
资金
- Fondation de l'IUCPQ
- J-D-Begin Research Chair
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- CIHR Quebec Respiratory Health Training Program
- Canadian Consortium for the Investigation of Cannabinoids (CCIC)
- Fonds de la Recherche du Quebec-Sante (FRQS)
2-Arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG) and arachidonyl-ethanolamide (AEA) are endocannabinoids that have been implicated in many physiologic disorders, including obesity, metabolic syndromes, hepatic diseases, pain, neurologic disorders, and inflammation. Their immunomodulatory effects are numerous and are not always mediated by cannabinoid receptors, reflecting the presence of an arachidonic acid (AA) molecule in their structure, the latter being the precursor of numerous bioactive lipids that are pro-or anti-inflammatory. 2-AG and AEA can thus serve as a source of AA but can also be metabolized by most eicosanoid biosynthetic enzymes, yielding additional lipids. In this regard, enhancing endocannabinoid levels by using endocannabinoid hydrolysis inhibitors is likely to augment the levels of these lipids that could regulate inflammatory cell functions. This review summarizes the metabolic pathways involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of AEA and 2-AG, as well as the biologic effects of the 2-AG and AEA lipidomes in the regulation of inflammation.
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