期刊
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
卷 155, 期 1, 页码 44-52出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03803.x
关键词
anti-retroviral therapy; HIV; naive regulatory T cells; regulatory T cells; thymus
类别
资金
- Ebba Celinders Foundation
- Copenhagen University Hospital
- Hvidovre
This study determines levels of regulatory T cells (T-regs), naive T-regs, immune activation and cytokine patterns in 15 adult human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receiving prolonged highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) who have known thymic output, and explores if naive T-regs may represent recent thymic emigrant T-regs. HIV-infected patients treated with HAART with a median of 1 and 5 years were compared with healthy controls. Percentages of T-regs (CD3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low)), naive T-regs (CD3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+)CD45RA(+)) and activation markers (CD38(+)human leucocyte antigen D-related) were determined by flow cytometry. Forkhead box P3 mRNA expression and T cell receptor excision circles (T-REC) content in CD4(+) cells were determined by polymerase chain reaction and cytokines analysed with Luminex technology. Levels of T-regs were significantly higher in HIV-infected patients compared with controls, both after 1 and 5 years of HAART (P < 0.001), despite fully suppressed HIV-RNA and normalization of both CD4 counts, immune activation and cytokine patterns. Furthermore, levels of naive T-regs were elevated significantly in HIV-infected patients (P < 0.001) and were associated with thymic output measured as the T-REC frequency in CD4(+) cells (P = 0.038). In summary, T-reg levels in HIV-infected patients are elevated even after 5 years of HAART. Increased thymic production of naive T-regs may contribute to higher T-reg levels in HIV-infection.
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