Comparison of Effects of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin on Plaque Regression in Korean Patients With Untreated Intermediate Coronary Stenosis

Background: Serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was used to compare the effects of moderate doses of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin on plaque regression in patients with intermediate coronary stenosis. Methods and Results: This was a prospective, randomized, and comparative study for lipid-lowering therapy with rosuvastatin 20 mg (n=65) and atorvastatin 40 mg (n=63) using serial IVUS (baseline and 11-month follow-up). Efficacy parameters included changes in total atheroma volume (TAV) and percent atheroma volume (PAV) from baseline to follow-up. Changes of TAV (-4.4 +/- 7.3 vs. -3.6 +/- 6.8 mm(3), P=0.5) and PAV (-0.73 +/- 2.05 vs. -0.19 +/- 2.00%, P=0.14) from baseline to follow-up were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Plaque was increased in 15% in the rosuvastatin group and in 30% in the atorvastatin group at follow-up (P=0.064). The plaque increase group had higher baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; 1.28 +/- 2.70 mg/dl vs. 0.54 +/- 1.16 mg/dl, P=0.034) and higher follow-up low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (78 +/- 24 mg/dl vs. 63 +/- 21 mg/dl, P=0.002) compared with the plaque non-increase group. Follow-up LDL-C (odds ratio [OR]=1.038, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.003-1.060, P=0.036) and baseline hs-CRP (OR=1.025, 95%CI=1.001-1.059, P=0.046), not the type of statin, were the independent predictors of plaque increase at follow-up. Conclusions: Moderate doses of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin could contribute to effective plaque regression. Follow-up LDL-C and baseline hs-CRP are associated with plaque progression in patients with intermediate coronary stenosis. (Circ J 2011; 75: 398-406)