Application of SPME Based on a Stainless Steel Wire for the Determination of Pyrethroid Insecticide Residues in Water and Soil

In this study, a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method based on a bare stainless steel wire as the fiber has been developed for extraction and determination of five pyrethroid insecticides (fenpropathrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and deltamethrin) in water and soil samples. The influences of extraction parameters (extraction time, stirring rate and salt addition) on the SPME extraction efficiency were investigated, and the optimum conditions were applied for the extraction of the target analytes from water samples. The method showed linear behavior ranging from 0.05 to 2 A mu g L-1 with detection limits of 0.6-1.9 ng L-1 for water analysis. Recoveries were from 71 to 112% for all the target insecticides in water and soil sample, with RSDs from 6.8 to 19.4% (n = 3). The study demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed SPME fiber based on stainless steel wire for the extraction of pyrethroid insecticides in water and soil.