期刊
CHEMSUSCHEM
卷 7, 期 11, 页码 3095-3101出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402530
关键词
biomass conversion; heterogeneous catalysis; hydrodeoxygenation; Lewis acids; ruthenium
资金
- Center for direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio) an Energy Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0000997]
2,5-Dimethylfuran (DMF), a promising cellulosic biofuel candidate from biomass derived intermediates, has received significant attention because of its low oxygen content, high energy density, and high octane value. A bimetallic catalyst combination containing a Lewis-acidic Zn-II and Pd/C components is effective for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) to DMF with high conversion (99%) and selectivity (85% DMF). Control experiments for evaluating the roles of zinc and palladium revealed that ZnCl2 alone did not catalyze the reaction, whereas Pd/C produced 60% less DMF than the combination of both metals. The presence of Lewis acidic component (Zn) was also found to be beneficial for HMF HDO with Ru/C catalyst, but the synergistic effect between the two metal components is more pronounced for the Pd/Zn system than the Ru/Zn. A comparative analysis of the Pd/Zn/C catalyst to previously reported catalytic systems show that the Pd/Zn system containing at least four times less precious metal than the reported catalysts gives comparable or better DMF yields. The catalyst shows excellent recyclability up to 4 cycles, followed by a deactivation, which could be due to coke formation on the catalyst surface. The effectiveness of this combined bimetallic catalyst has also been tested for one-pot conversion of fructose to DMF.
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