期刊
CHEMPHYSCHEM
卷 11, 期 5, 页码 951-962出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200901023
关键词
electron microscopy; Fischer-Tropsch catalysts; in-situ scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM); nanomaterials
资金
- Netherlands National Science Foundation
- Netherlands Research School Combination Catalysis (NRSC-C)
- Shell Global Solutions
The present status of in-situ scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is reviewed, with an emphasis on the abilities of the STXM technique in comparison with electron microscopy. The experimental aspects and interpretation of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) are briefly introduced and the experimental boundary conditions that determine the potential applications for in-situ XAS and in-situ STXM studies are discussed. Nanoscale chemical imaging of catalysts under working conditions is outlined using cobalt and iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts as showcases. In the discussion, we critically compare STXM-XAS and STEM-EELS (scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy) measurements and indicate some future directions of in-situ nanoscale imaging of catalytic solids and related nanomaterials.
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