期刊
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
卷 25, 期 13, 页码 3181-3189出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803889
关键词
biomorphs; formamide; geochemistry; origin of life; prebiotic chemistry; serpentinization
资金
- European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/European Research Council grant [340863]
- Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [CGL2016-78971-P]
- COST Action [TD 1308]
- MIUR Ministero dellIstruzione, dellUniversita della Ricerca and Scuola Normale Superiore (Pisa, Italy) [2015F59J3R]
The condensation of formamide has been shown to be a robust chemical pathway affording molecules necessary for the origin of life. It has been experimentally demonstrated that condensation reactions of formamide are catalyzed by a number of minerals, including silicates, phosphates, sulfides, zirconia, and borates, and by cosmic dusts and meteorites. However, a critical discussion of the catalytic power of the tested minerals, and the geochemical conditions under which the condensation would occur, is still missing. We show here that mineral self-assembled structures forming under alkaline silica-rich solutions are excellent catalysts for the condensation of formamide with respect to other minerals. We also propose that these structures were likely forming as early as 4.4billion years ago when the whole earth surface was a reactor, a global scale factory, releasing large amounts of organic compounds. Our experimental results suggest that the conditions required for the synthesis of the molecular bricks from which life self-assembles, rather than being local and bizarre, appears to be universal and geologically rather conventional.
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