期刊
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
卷 18, 期 17, 页码 5345-5351出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102806
关键词
carbon; doping; microporous materials; redox chemistry; supercapacitors
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [50921004, 51172239]
- K.C. Wong Education Foundation (Hong Kong)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [GJHZ 200815]
- University of Queensland [ECR009132, NSRSU600211]
- ARC [CE0348243]
- Australian Research Council [CE0348243] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
A nitrogen-doped porous carbon monolith was synthesized as a pseudo-capacitive electrode for use in alkaline supercapacitors. Ammonia-assisted carbonization was used to dope the surface with nitrogen heteroatoms in a way that replaced carbon atoms but kept the oxygen content constant. Ammonia treatment expanded the micropore size-distributions and increased the specific surface area from 383 m2?g-1 to 679 m2?g-1. The nitrogen-containing porous carbon material showed a higher capacitance (246 F?g-1) in comparison with the nitrogen-free one (186 F?g-1). Ex situ electrochemical spectroscopy was used to investigate the evolution of the nitrogen-containing functional groups on the surface of the N-doped carbon electrodes in a three-electrode cell. In addition, first-principles calculations were explored regarding the electronic structures of different nitrogen groups to determine their relative redox potentials. We proposed possible redox reaction pathways based on the calculated redox affinity of different groups and surface analysis, which involved the reversible attachment/detachment of hydroxy groups between pyridone and pyridine. The oxidation of nitrogen atoms in pyridine was also suggested as a possible reaction pathway.
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