Pentacoordinate NiII Complexes: Preparation, Magnetic Measurements, and Ab Initio Calculations of the Magnetic Anisotropy Terms

Two novel mononuclear five-coordinate nickel complexes with distorted square-pyramidal geometries are presented. They result from association of a tridentate half-unit ligand and 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine according to a stepwise process that highlights the advantage of coordination chemistry in isolating an unstable tridentate ligand by nickel chelation. Their zero-field splittings (ZFS) were studied by means of magnetic data and state-of-the-art ab initio calculations. Good agreement between the experimental and theoretical axial D parameters confirms that large single-ion nickel anisotropies are accessible. The synthetic process can also yield dinuclear nickel complexes in which the nickel ions are hexacoordinate. This possibility is facilitated by the presence of phenoxo oxygen atoms in the tridentate ligand that can introduce a bridge between the two nickel ions. Two different double bridges are characterized, with the bridging oxygen atoms coming from each nickel ion or from the same nickel ion. This coordination change introduces a difference in the antiferromagnetic interaction parameter J. Although the magnetic data confirm the presence of single-ion anisotropies in these complexes, these terms cannot be determined in a straightforward way from experiment due to the mismatch between the principal axes of the local anisotropies and the presence of intersite anisotropies.