期刊
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
卷 17, 期 46, 页码 13017-13031出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101799
关键词
Buruli ulcer; metathesis; mycolactones; natural products; total synthesis
资金
- Novartis Institutes for Developing World Medical Research
- Volkswagen Foundation
The total synthesis of the mycobacterial toxins mycolactones A/B (1a/b) has been accomplished based on a strategy built around the construction of the mycolactone core through ring-closing metathesis. By employing the Grubbs second-generation catalyst, the 12-membered core macrocycle of mycolactones, with a functionalized C2 handle attached to C11, was obtained in 60-80% yield. The C-linked upper side chain (comprising C12-C20) was completed by a highly efficient modified Suzuki coupling between C13 and C14, while the attachment of the C5-O-linked polyunsaturated acyl side chain was achieved by Yamaguchi esterification. Surprisingly, a diene containing a simple isopropyl group at-tached to C11 could not be induced to undergo ring-closing metathesis. By employing fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry techniques, the synthetic mycolactones A/B (1a/b) were demonstrated to display similar apoptosis-inducing and cytopathic effects as mycolactones A/B extracted from Mycobacterium ulcerans. In contrast, a simplified analogue with truncated upper and lower side chains was found to be inactive.
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