Hierarchical Mesoporous Films: From Self-Assembly to Porosity with Different Length Scales

Hierarchical porous films are formed by interconnected pores of different dimensions, and are particularly attractive for the development of smart materials with multiple functions and enhanced transport properties. We have focused this review on hierarchical porous films whose synthesis, at least at one scale of porosity, is based on self-assembly. Several strategies have been proposed for the preparation of hierarchical porous films which for bulks and monoliths are more difficult to obtain. These materials represent a step further in the fabrication of complex materials through self-assembly, and achieving order through templating routes at different length scales is the ultimate goal.