期刊
CHEMICAL REVIEWS
卷 118, 期 18, 页码 9152-9232出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00354
关键词
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资金
- EU Horizon 2020 project RISE-2014 [645756]
- State Scholarships Foundation (Greece) through the Operational Program Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning, of NSRF 2014-2020 by the European Social Fund [5003404]
- European Commission (PSIMEx) [FP7-HEALTH-2007-223411]
- Institut Francais de Bioinformatique [ANR-11-INS-0013]
- NIH [CA138340, CA211752, CA39481, CA47282]
- United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale [DBI20141231336]
The extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes a highly dynamic three-dimensional structural network comprised of macromolecules, such as proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans (PGs/GAGs), collagens, laminins, fibronectin, elastin, other glycoproteins and proteinases. In recent years, the field of PGs has expanded rapidly. Due to their high structural complexity and heterogeneity, PGs mediate several homeostatic and pathological processes. PGs consist of a protein core and one or more covalently attached GAG chains, which provide the protein cores with the ability to interact with several proteins. The GAG building blocks of PGs significantly influence the chemical and functional properties of PGs. The primary goal of this comprehensive review is to summarize major achievements and paradigm-shifting discoveries made on the PG/GAG chemistry-biology axis, focusing on structural variability, structure-function relationships, metabolic, molecular, and epigenetic mechanisms underlying their synthesis. Recent insights related to exosome biogenesis, degradation, and cell signaling, their status as diagnostic tools and potential pharmacological targets in diseases as well as current applications in nanotechnology and biotechnology are addressed. Moreover, issues related to docking studies, molecular modeling, GAG/PG interaction networks, and their integration are discussed.
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