期刊
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
卷 24, 期 1, 页码 30-34出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/tx100214t
关键词
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资金
- Project 973 [2008CB418106]
- CAS
- NSFC [20925724, 20777080, 20877081, 20890112, 20921063]
- National Institutes of Health [ES11497, RR01008, ES00210]
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine [AT002034]
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR COMPLEMENTARY & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE [P01AT002034] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [P41RR001008] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [R03ES011497, P30ES000210] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Ergothioneine (2-mercaptohistidine trimethylbetaine) is a naturally occurring amino acid analogue found in up to millimolar concentrations in several tissues and biological fluids. However, the biological functions of ergothioneine remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the role of ergothioneine in copper-induced oxidative damage to DNA and protein, using two copper-containing systems: Cu(II) with ascorbate and Cu(II) with H2O2 [0.1 mM Cu(II) 1 mM ascorbate, and 1 mM H2O2]. Oxidative damage to DNA and bovine serum albumin was measured as strand breakage and protein carbonyl formation, respectively. Ergothioneine (0.1-1.0 mM) provided strong, dose-dependent protection against oxidation of DNA and protein in both copper-containing systems. In contrast, only limited protection was observed with the purported hydroxyl radical scavengers, dimethyl sulfoxide and mannitol, even at concentrations as high as 100 mM. Ergothioneine also significantly inhibited copper-catalyzed oxidation of ascorbate and competed effectively with histidine and 1,10-phenanthroline for binding of cuprous copper, but not cupric copper, as demonstrated by UV-visible and low-temperature electron spin resonance techniques. We conclude that ergothioneine is a potent, natural sulfur-containing antioxidant that prevents copper-dependent oxidative damage to biological macromolecules by forming a redox-inactive ergothioneine copper complex.
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