期刊
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
卷 96, 期 -, 页码 2483-2500出版社
MICROBIOLOGY SOC
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000249
关键词
-
资金
- National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [9R01 AI090077, F32 AI104217]
The members of the genus Alpha virus are positive-sense RNA viruses, which are predominantly transmitted to vertebrates by a mosquito vector. Alphavirus disease in humans can be severely debilitating, and depending on the particular viral species, infection may result in encephalitis and possibly death. In recent years, alphaviruses have received significant attention from public health authorities as a consequence of the dramatic emergence of chikungunya virus in the Indian Ocean islands and the Caribbean. Currently, no safe, approved or effective vaccine or antiviral intervention exists for human alphavirus infection. The molecular biology of alphavirus RNA synthesis has been well studied in a few species of the genus and represents a general target for antiviral drug development. This review describes what is currently understood about the regulation of alphavirus RNA synthesis, the roles of the viral non-structural proteins in this process and the functions of cis-acting RNA elements in replication, and points to open questions within the field.
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