期刊
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
卷 11, 期 1, 页码 19-29出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6690(99)00030-8
关键词
erosion; soil stabilization; polyacrylamides chitosan; xanthate; biodegradable
A series of biopolymers added to irrigation water were tested for their efficacy in reducing shear-induced erosion in a laboratory-scale mini-furrow Suspensions of chitosan, starch xanthate, cellulose xanthate, and acid-hydrolyzed cellulose microfibrils, at concentrations of 20, 80, 80, and 120 ppm, respectively, reduced suspended solids by more than 80%. None of these biopolymers, however, exhibited the > 90% runoff sediment reduction shown by the present industry standard, synthetic polyacrylamide polymers, PAM. PAM is effective at concentrations as low as 5 ppm. In field tests, chitosan solutions were only marginally effective in reducing runoff from the end of a 137 m long furrow, with indications that results were dependent on the length of the furrow. Sediment runoff of some clay-rich Northern California soils was reduced by up to 85% by increasing the concentration of exchangeable calcium to > 2.5mM. Calcium improved the sedimentation of the polyelectrolytic polymers in this study. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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