期刊
BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN
卷 56, 期 4, 页码 969-984出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1258/0007142001903634
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资金
- NCI NIH HHS [CA42471] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI44432] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R37CA042471, R01CA042471] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [R01AI044432] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Differentiated T helper 1 (Th 1) and T helper 2 (Th2) T-cells show striking differences in their patterns of cytokine expression. This process is initiated by stimulation with antigen and the cytokines IL-12 and IL-4, respectively, and requires antigen-induced transcription factors such as NFAT and cytokine-induced transcription factors such as STAT4, induced by IL-12, and STAT6, induced by IL-4. This results in induction and maintained expression of subset-specific transcription factors including T-bet in Th1 cells and GATA3 in Th2 cells, which are involved in ensuring the commitment of T-cells to Th1 or Th2 lineages. Here we review the signalling pathways and transcription factors that mediate T-cell differentiation, and describe the epigenetic changes in chromatin structure, locus accessibility and DNA methylation that are known to accompany this process.
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