期刊
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & DRUG DESIGN
卷 74, 期 3, 页码 212-223出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00862.x
关键词
fragment-based drug design; isothermal titration calorimetry; NMR spectroscopy; non-covalent mass spectrometry; protein design; surface plasmon resonance; X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein
Previous reports describe modulators of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)-caspase interaction designed from the AVPI N-terminal peptide sequence of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase. A fragment-based drug design strategy was initiated to identify therapeutic non-peptidomimetic antagonists of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein-protein interactions. Fragments that bind to the AVPI binding site of BIR3 (bacculoviral inhibitory repeat) were identified, and to further localize the fragment binding within the AVPI binding site, a point mutation was designed which alters the dynamics of flexible loops and blocks PI region of the binding cleft, thus enabling definition of weakly bound small molecules in the AV portion of the binding cleft. Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis confirmed the G306E mutation stabilizes the AV pocket. Biophysical characterization of the mutant confirms conformation change within the PI sub-pocket as evidenced by a significant diminishment in binding affinity of AVPI mimetics, yet the binding affinity of the smaller AV mimetics is maintained or slightly improved in the mutant compared with wild-type. Additional data from non-covalent mass spectrometry analysis shows enhanced binding of AV mimetics to the G306E mutant over the wild-type. The presented data outline a protein engineering strategy that allowed mapping of AV-replacements with better sensitivity and precision.
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