期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
卷 278, 期 3, 页码 R698-R704出版社
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.2000.278.3.R698
关键词
thermal conductance; metabolic rate; body temperature-ambient temperature gradient; thermoregulation; hibernation physiology
类别
Body temperature and metabolic rate were recorded continuously in two groups of marmots either exposed to seasonally decreasing ambient temperature (15 to 0 degrees C) over the entire hibernation season or to short-duration temperature changes during midwinter. Hibernation bouts were characterized by an initial 95% reduction of metabolic rate facilitating the drop in body temperature and by rhythmic fluctuations during continued hibernation. During midwinter, we observed a constant minimal metabolic rate of 13.6 ml O-2.kg(-1).h(-1) between 5 and 15 degrees C ambient temperature, although body temperature increased from 7.8 to 17.6 degrees C, and a proportional increase of metabolic rate below 5 degrees C ambient temperature. This apparent lack of a Q(10) effect shows that energy expenditure is actively downregulated and controlled at a minimum level despite changes in body temperature. However, thermal conductance stayed minimal (7.65 +/- 1.95 ml O-2.kg(-1).h(-1).degrees C-1) at all temperatures, thus slowing down cooling velocity when entering hibernation. Basal metabolic rate of summer-active marmots was double that of winter-fasting marmots (370 vs. 190 ml O-2.kg(-1).h(-1)). In summary, we provide strong evidence that hibernation is not only a voluntary but a well-regulated strategy to counter food shortage and increased energy demands during winter.
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