期刊
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
卷 12, 期 1, 页码 48-55出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1111/1467-9280.00309
关键词
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资金
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [R01AG013969] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIA NIH HHS [5R01 AG13969] Funding Source: Medline
The reported research extends classic findings that after briefly viewing structured, but not random, chess positions, chess masters reproduce these positions much more accurately than less-skilled players. Using a combination of the gaze-contingent window papadigm and the change blindness flicker paradigm, we documented dramatically larger visual spans for experts while processing structure, hut not random, chess positions. In addition, in a check-detection task a minimized 3 x 3 chessboard containing a Ring and potentially checking pieces,vas displayed. In this task, experts mane fewer fixations per trial than less-skilled players, and had a greater proportion of fixations between individual pieces, rather than on pieces. Our results provide strong evidence for a perceptual encoding advantage for experts attributable to chess experience, rather than to a general perceptual or memory superiority.
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