Do bilinguals activate phonological representations in one or both of their languages when naming words?

Pour experiments investigated whether bilinguals activate spelling-to-sound correspondences in a nontarget language during word naming by examining whether the existence of word-body neighbors in the nontarget language impairs naming of the target language. Both English-French and French-English bilinguals were tested. In each experiment participants named a block of English experimental words, a block of French filler wolds, and then a second block of English experimental words. Results indicated that spelling-sound correspondences fi om both languages could be activated simultaneously, but whether they were depended on whether bilinguals were naming words in their dominant or less dominant language, whether English target words were named before or after the French filler words. and participants' fluency and experience with French. (C) 2001 Academic Press.