期刊
CHEMCATCHEM
卷 3, 期 5, 页码 853-860出版社
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000448
关键词
biocatalysis; chemoselectivity; enzyme catalysis; hydrogen bonds; molecular modeling
资金
- European Union
The fact that proteases/amidases can hydrolyze amides efficiently whereas esterases can not has been discussed during the last decades. By using molecular modeling we have found a hydrogen bond in the transition state for protease/amidase catalyzed hydrolysis of peptides and amides donated by the scissile NH-group of the substrate. The hydrogen-bond acceptor was found either in the enzyme (enzyme assisted) or in the substrate (substrate assisted). This new interaction with the NH-hydrogen in the transition state (TS) was found in sixteen proteases/amidases, which represent ten different reaction mechanisms and eleven different folding families. Esterases lack this interaction and, therefore, they are slow in hydrolyzing amides. By mimicking the substrate-assisted catalysis found in amidases we were able to shift reaction specificity of amide over ester synthesis of Candida antarctica lipase B one hundred fold. We propose that the hydrogen bond facilitates nitrogen inversion in amidases.
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