期刊
CEREBRAL CORTEX
卷 25, 期 2, 页码 496-506出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bht251
关键词
attention; hearing; MEG; plasticity; speech
资金
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [MOP106619]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Chinese State Scholarship Fund
- 973 National Basic Research Program of China [2009CB320900]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31170985]
Behavioral improvement within the first hour of training is commonly explained as procedural learning (i.e., strategy changes resulting from task familiarization). However, it may additionally reflect a rapid adjustment of the perceptual and/or attentional system in a goal-directed task. In support of this latter hypothesis, we show feature-specific gains in performance for groups of participants briefly trained to use either a spectral or spatial difference between 2 vowels presented simultaneously during a vowel identification task. In both groups, the neuromagnetic activity measured during the vowel identification task following training revealed source activity in auditory cortices, prefrontal, inferior parietal, and motor areas. More importantly, the contrast between the 2 groups revealed a striking double dissociation in which listeners trained on spectral or spatial cues showed higher source activity in ventral (what) and dorsal (where) brain areas, respectively. These feature-specific effects indicate that brief training can implicitly bias top-down processing to a trained acoustic cue and induce a rapid recalibration of the ventral and dorsal auditory streams during speech segregation and identification.
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