Detection of the Genetic Variability of Triticale Using Wheat and Rye SSR Markers

The variability of microsatellite markers of 16 genotypes of triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack, 2n = 6x = 42, BBAARR) was studied. Five varieties from Poland (Gutek, Kitaro, Lamberto, Presto and Tornado), three from Germany (Lupus, Ticino and Triamant), one from Russia (Valentin-90) and seven translocation forms derived from cv. Presto (donors of good bread-making quality) were analysed. SSR markers localised on chromosomes of the A, B, D and R genomes were chosen from literature for analysis. Based on 48 SSR markers (27 wheat and 21 rye SSR markers) a dendrogram was calculated, which highly significantly differentiated the Valentine-90 genotype from all the other 15 genotypes split into three sub-clusters. The first one includes the cv. Gutek, Tornado, Presto and translocation forms of cv. Presto. The second sub-cluster consists of the cv. Kitaro, Lamberto, Ticino and Triamant. The third sub-cluster cluster consists of the cv. Lupus only. The diversity index (DI), the probabilities of identity (PI) and the polymorphic information content (PIC) of SSR markers were calculated. We detected 184 alleles from 48 markers with an average of 3.83 alleles per locus ( ranging from 1 to 9 alleles per locus). The average polymorphic information content was 0.48 ranging between 0.00 and 0.85.