Ultrasound emulsification - An overview

Fundamentals and applications of ultrasound emulsification are reviewed. The importance of cavitation is stressed, as also is power input to the multiphase fluid. The influence of surfactants, polymeric stabilizers, temperature, pressure, and ultrasonic parameters such as frequency, residence time, acoustic intensity, and energy density are described. The effects of other physicochemical parameters such as emulsfier concentration, disperse phase volume fraction, and viscosity are discussed. Applications to both water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions are discussed.