Integration of environmental aspects in product development: a stepwise procedure based on quantitative life cycle assessment

Significant environmental improvements can often be achieved by integrating environmental properties as an optimisation parameter in product development together with more traditional values such as production costs, functionality, aesthetics etc. This paper presents a professional method intended for managers based on quantitative life cycle assessment to identify environmental 'hot spots' in a reference product's life cycle and to select new environmentally optimised solutions for a new product. The paper takes its starting point in traditional procedures for product development (idea. analysis. goal definition, concept development and detail development) and shows step by stop how the environmental properties of the new product can be optimised and thus contribute to the overall competitiveness of the new product. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.