期刊
CELLULOSE
卷 21, 期 2, 页码 1015-1024出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10570-013-0069-2
关键词
Neutron scattering; Small angle scattering; X-ray diffraction; Thermal treatment; Biomass; Cellulose; Coarsening; Crystallite size
资金
- Genomic Science Program, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, U.S. Department of Energy [FWP ERKP752]
- Office of Biological and Environmental Research
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
Structural changes across multiple length scales associated with hydrothermal pretreatments of biomass were investigated by using small- and wide-angle X-ray and neutron scattering on oriented specimens. Isotropic and anisotropic scattering components were numerically separated and then interpreted as contributions from matrix and cellulose components, respectively. Equatorial diffraction peaks present in the isotropic component became sharper after hydrothermal treatments or ammonia treatment. Before pretreatment the wet cell wall was found to be homogeneous in the 10-100 nm range and scattering below Q = 0.5 (nm(-1)) was dominated by surface scattering from the lumen. After pretreatment with acid or steam at 160 or 180 A degrees C, density fluctuation developed in the cell wall at length scales above 10 nm, most likely due to lateral coalescence of microfibrils that partially co-crystallize to give larger apparent crystal sizes. A density fluctuation up to about 100 nm appeared in the isotropic component after acid and steam pretreatments due to morphological changes in the hemicellulose and lignin matrix.
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