High reinforcing capability cellulose nanocrystals extracted from Syngonanthus nitens (Capim Dourado)

The chemical composition and morphology of Syngonanthus nitens (Capim Dourado) fibers were investigated. An unusual low lignin content and high holocellulose content have been observed. High aspect ratio cellulose whiskers were prepared from these lignocellulosic fibers by an acid hydrolysis treatment. The average diameter and length were 4.5 nm and 300 nm, respectively, giving rise to an aspect ratio around 67. Natural Rubber nanocomposite films reinforced with cellulose whiskers extracted from capim dourado were prepared by film casting. The mechanical properties of the ensuing nanocomposite films were investigated in both the linear and the non-linear range using dynamical mechanical analysis and tensile tests, respectively. The reinforcing effect observed above the glass transition temperature of the matrix was higher than the one observed for other polysaccharide nanocrystals and cellulose whiskers extracted from other sources.