Rejection of organic compounds by ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis membrane

The introduction of ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis (ULPRO) membrane has widened the horizon of reverse osmosis (RO) in purification of surface water and wastewater as well as desalination of brackish water. The ULPRO membrane chemistry can provide a high water flux at low operating pressure, while maintaining a very good salt and organics rejection. This paper deals with the investigation on the rejection of low molecular weight organic compounds by ULPRO membrane. Laboratory scale experiments were carried out at a pressure of 3 kg/cm(2) with a feed flow rate of 1.20 l/min. The rejection of undissociated organic compounds did not show a close relationship with the feed PH. The percentage removal of undissociated organic compounds increased linearly with the molecular weight as well as with the molecular width. The removal efficiency can be predicted by these relationships. But neither molecular weight nor molecular width can be considered as an absolute factor for rejection. The feed PH also influenced the removal efficiency of dissociated organic compounds. The efficiency decreased linearly with the increase in the dissociation constant. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.