Magnetic circular dichroism of x-ray emission for gadolinium in 4d-4f excitation region

We have measured magnetic circular dichroism of x-ray emission spectra (XES) for gadolinium in the 4d-4f excitation region. At a pre-threshold excitation energy, a large magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) signal appeared in a Raman scattering and the dramatic dependence of the MCD spectra on the excitation energy was observed. Theoretical calculation shows that the magnetic moment estimated with total photoelectron yield (TEY) spectra was much smaller than that with the emission spectra. This indicates that the MCD for the TEY reflects the magnetic state on the surface whereas the MCD for ale XES reflects that in the bull, We also observed the MCD spectra for total photon yield (TPY) and found the great difference of the MCD spectra for the TEY and TPY.