Complete elimination of metal catalysts from single wall carbon nanotubes

The complete removal of entrapped metallic impurities (i.e. Ni and Cc) incorporated within single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) has been a long-standing issue. A sonication-mediated treatment of as-obtained SWNT soot in a 1: 1 mixture of aqueous hydrofluoric and nitric acids resulted in the complete elimination of these impurities as shown by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Contact angle measurements indicated that the wetting of SWNTs is enhanced in the presence of HE The presence of HNO3 and surfactant was found essential in removing the catalyst due to SWNT etching of end-caps/defects and providing better dispersion, respectively. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy indicated that the structural purity of the SWNTs is not compromised by the HF/HNO3 purification treatment. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.