Energy site distribution of carbon black surfaces by inverse gas chromatography at finite concentration conditions

Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) at finite concentration has been used to characterize the surface energy of a series of carbon blacks. It is known that there are many structural defects on carbon black surface and the surface energy is heterogeneously distributed. Using different molecular probes, IGC at finite concentration allows the determination of the surface energy sites distribution. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.