Velocity auto-correlation functions in three-dimensional vibro-fluidized granular beds

The velocity autocorrelation functions of grains moving in highly fluidized three-dimensional granular beds have been determined for the first time. Positron emission particle tracking was used to determine the location of a tracer particle. The velocity auto- and cross-correlation functions were then calculated following estimation of the velocities of the grains. The cross-correlations were found to be about zero for all times and the velocity autocorrelation functions differed in the x and y directions. A numerical study was performed to model the velocity auto-correlation function in the y-direction and this analysis was found to capture many of the observed experimental features. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics.