Predictors of attrition in a longitudinal cognitive aging study: The Maastricht Aging Study (MAAS)

A large sample of older participants of the Maastricht Aging Study (MAAS) were compared to drop-outs at the 3-year follow-up with respect to socio-demographic, health, and cognitive characteristics. In addition, the impact of selective drop-out on measure, of cognitive change was examined, To this end. hypothetical scores were estimated for drop-outs by using single and multiple imputation methods. Of the initial sample of 539 subjects, aged 49 years and older at baseline, 116 (22%) did not return for the follow-up (n=32 had died, n=84 refused participation). Drop-outs who refused to participate in the follow-up were more often women, had lower educational levels, and had lower baseline scores on neurocognitive tests. Follow-up drop-outs who had died were more often men. older, and had a poorer performance on cognitive tests than the follow-up participant, Although follow-up participants and drop-outs differed in terms of socio-demographic and cognitive characteristics, attrition appeared to have little effect on the estimates of cognitive change. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.