期刊
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
卷 22, 期 1, 页码 34-45出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.130
关键词
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资金
- POSCCE [709/2010]
- NIH/NCI [1UH2TR00943-01, 1R01 CA182905-01]
- SINF MDACC_DKFZ grant in CLL
- SINF grant in colon cancer
- Kidney Cancer Pilot Project
- Duncan Family Institutional Seed Funds
- Blanton-Davis Ovarian Cancer Sprint for Life Research Award
- Laura and John Arnold Foundation
- RGK Foundation
- Estate of CG Johnson, Jr.
- CLL Global Research Foundation
- Developmental Research Award in Multiple Myeloma
- Developmental Research Award in Leukemia [P50 CA100632]
- Developmental Research Award in Head and Neck SPOREs [P50 CA097007]
- Developmental Research Award in Prostate Cancer
Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles that convey key elements with the potential to modulate intercellular communication. They are known to be secreted from all types of cells, and are crucial messengers that can regulate cellular processes by 'trafficking' molecules from cells of one tissue to another. The exosomal content has been shown to be broad, composed of different types of cytokines, growth factors, proteins, or nucleic acids. Besides messenger RNA (mRNA) they can also contain noncoding transcripts such as microRNAs (miRNAs), which are small endogenous cellular regulators of protein expression. In diseases such as cancer, exosomes can facilitate tumor progression by altering their vesicular content and supplying the tumor niche with molecules that favor the progression of oncogenic processes such as proliferation, invasion and metastasis, or even drug resistance. The packaging of their molecular content is known to be tissue specific, a fact that makes them interesting tools in clinical diagnostics and ideal candidates for biomarkers. In the current report, we describe the main properties of exosomes and explain their involvement in processes such as cell differentiation and cell death. Furthermore, we emphasize the need of developing patient-targeted treatments by applying the conceptualization of exosomal-derived miRNA-based therapeutics.
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