Spectral function of electron-phonon models by cluster perturbation theory

Cluster perturbation theory in combination with the Lanczos method is used to compute the one-electron spectral function of the Holstein polaron in one and two dimensions. It is shown that the method allows reliable calculations using relatively small clusters, and at the same time significantly reduces finite-size effects. Results are compared with exact data and the relation to existing work is discussed. We also use a strong-coupling perturbation theory-equivalent to the Hubbard I approximation-to calculate the spectral function of the quarter-filled Holstein model of spinless fermions, starting from the exact atomic-limit Green function. The results agree well with previous calculations within the many-body coherent potential approximation.