期刊
CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
卷 33, 期 3, 页码 337-343出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1016/j.cellbi.2009.01.001
关键词
Apoptosis; Calcium; Caspase-3 activation; DNA fragmentation; Hydrogen peroxide; Metaphase-II arrest; Verapamil
类别
Non-specific L-type calcium channel blockers, such as verapamil (>= 50 mu M), induce metaphase-II (M-II) arrest and apoptosis in aged rat eggs cultured in Ca2+-deficient medium. However, the effects of extracellular Ca2+ on verapamil-induced M-II arrest and apoptosis have not yet been reported. We have demonstrated that postovulatory aging induced exit from M-II arrest by extruding a second polar body, a morphological sign of spontaneous egg activation (SEA). Verapamil inhibited SEA and induced egg apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in Ca2+-deficient medium. The initiation of apoptotic features was observed at 50 mu M of verapamil. Extracellular Ca2+ (1.80 mM) reduced intracellular H2O2 level, bax protein expression, caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation and protected against 50 mu M, but not higher concentrations of >= 100 mu M in verapamil-induced egg apoptosis. These results suggest that extracellular Ca2+ ions have a role during SEA and protect against verapamil-induced apoptosis in aged rat eggs. (C) 2009 International Federation for Cell Biology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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