期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
卷 78, 期 6, 页码 1128-1134出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/78.6.1128
关键词
diabetes mellitus; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; diet; fatty acids; vitamin D; case-control study; population-based study; childhood
Background: In Norway, cod liver oil is an important source of dietary vitamin D and the long-chain n-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, all of which have biological properties of potential relevance for the prevention of type 1 diabetes. Objective: The main objective was to investigate whether the use of dietary cod liver oil or other vitamin D supplements, either by the mother during pregnancy or by the child during the first year of life, is associated with a lower risk of type 1 diabetes among children. Design: We designed a nationwide case-control study in Norway with 545 cases of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes and 1668 population control subjects. Families were contacted by mail, and they completed a questionnaire on the frequency of use of cod liver oil and other vitamin D supplements and other relevant factors. Results: Use of cod liver oil in the first year of life was associated with a significantly lower risk of type 1 diabetes (adjusted odds ratio: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.99). Use of other vitamin D supplements during the first year of life and maternal use of cod liver oil or other vitamin D supplements during pregnancy were not associated with type 1 diabetes. Conclusion: Cod liver oil may reduce the risk of type 1 diabetes, perhaps through the antimflammatory effects of long-chain n-3 fatty acids.
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