Shocks in protostellar outflows

We present our analysis of four molecular outflows from Class 0 (Cep E, L 1448) sources and higher mass objects ( CepA, DR21). The emission line spectra of these outflows were observed in the mid- and far-infrared using the spectrometers (SWS, LWS) and the camera ( ISOCAM) aboard the ISO satellite. We interpret the spectra using J- and C-type bow shock models and infer properties of both the outflow and surrounding gas. We find C-type bows with a shape parameter of s = 1.4 as the best interpretation of the measured line fluxes, independent of the object. The emission is partly caused by fluorescence.