期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
卷 39, 期 2, 页码 136-146出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0959-8049(02)00665-2
关键词
prostate cancer; treatment; hormone-refractory; second-line; immunotherapy; chemotherapy; gene therapy; new agents
类别
Increased insight into the biology of prostate cancer and the emergence of new therapeutic strategies and chemotherapeutic agents has changed approaches in treating patients with advanced prostate cancer. After secondary hormonal manipulations, new approaches include: second-line hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) therapy, dendritic cell therapy, gene vaccination therapy, inhibition and/or blockade of growth factor receptors or growth factor receptor pathways, inhibition of neo-angiogenesis and inhibition of invasion and metastases. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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