期刊
BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
卷 26, 期 11, 页码 1543-1547出版社
PHARMACEUTICAL SOC JAPAN
DOI: 10.1248/bpb.26.1543
关键词
evodiamine; human melanoma cell; apoptosis; necrosis
We have reported that in A375-S2 cells, evodiamine isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa induces cell death of human melanoma, A375-S2, through two distinct pathways: apoptosis and necrosis. In the present study, we further demonstrate two different mechanisms by which evodiamine induces apoptosis and necrosis. Although caspase-1 and -10 inhibitors failed to block cell death, pan-caspase inhibitor and caspase-3, -8, and -9 inhibitors had marked inhibitory effects on apoptosis induced by 15 mum evodiamine. Furthermore, evodiamine-induced activation of caspase-3 resulted in the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression and up-regulation of proapoptotic Bax expression. After 24 h incubation with evodiamine, no caspase inhibitor had any influence on cell death, but p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor (SB203580) attenuated cell death; in contrast, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) MAPK inhibitor (PD98059) augmented cell death, as was further confirmed by cotreatment with SB203580 or PD98059 and pan-caspase inhibitor. Moreover, evodiamine increased the phosphorylation of p38 and decreased the expression and phosphorylation of ERK in caspase-independent necrosis. Consequently, evodiamine induced the caspase- and Bax-mediated apoptosis at an early stage, but, initiated MAPKs-dependent necrosis at a later stage.
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