期刊
CELL
卷 156, 期 1-2, 页码 45-68出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.12.019
关键词
-
资金
- NIH [GM68804, U01DK089565]
- Jane Coffin Childs Memorial Fund for Medical Research
Methylation of cytosines in the mammalian genome represents a key epigenetic modification and is dynamically regulated during development. Compelling evidence now suggests that dynamic regulation of DNA methylation is mainly achieved through a cyclic enzymatic cascade comprised of cytosine methylation, iterative oxidation of methyl group by TET dioxygenases, and restoration of unmodified cytosines by either replication-dependent dilution or DNA glycosylase-initiated base excision repair. In this review, we discuss the mechanism and function of DNA demethylation in mammalian genomes, focusing particularly on how developmental modulation of the cytosine-modifying pathway is coupled to active reversal of DNA methylation in diverse biological processes.
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