Response to confinement in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is characterised by an increased biosynthetic capacity of interrenal tissue with no effect on ACTH sensitivity

Two experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of confinement stress on plasma cortisol levels and on the sensitivity of the interrenal cells to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation in sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Confining sea bass at 70 kg m(-3) for 24 h resulted in elevated plasma cortisol levels at all times (0.1, 1, 4 and 24 h) and corresponded to a reduced cortisol content in head-kidney homogenates after 0.1 and 1 h of confinement. An increased activity of the interrenal cells was also indicated by the enlarged nuclear diameters measured after 1 and 4 h of confinement. In vitro superfusion experiments showed that 4 h of confinement resulted in an increased basal unstimulated release of cortisol from head-kidney tissues compared with that in unstressed control fish. Although the stimulation factor (cortisol release as percent increase above basal) of the stressed fish was significantly lower than in controls. no difference in the maximal stimulated release (in absolute amounts) was evident between stressed and control fish. Care must be taken when interpreting superfusion data, as to whether the stressor actually leads to a reduction in interrenal sensitivity, or is due to an alteration in the basal release of cortisol. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.