期刊
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
卷 10, 期 24, 页码 2705-2709出版社
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/0929867033456314
关键词
organophosphates; nerve gas; nerve gas antidotes; pralidoxime; 2-PAM; HI-6; reduction potentials; insecticides; oxidative stress; iminium; oximes; DNA alkylation; captodative effect; electron transfer
资金
- FIC NIH HHS [5T37TW00067] Funding Source: Medline
- FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER [T37TW000067] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Evidence indicates that nerve gas toxins operate in ways in addition to inhibition of acetylcholine esterase. Alternative bioactivities are discussed with focus on electron transfer. The main class, including pralidoxime (2-PAM), incorporates conjugated iminium and oxime moieties that are electron affinic. Various physiological properties of iminium and oxime species are reviewed. The organophosphates encompass both nerve gases and insecticides, possessing similar properties, but different activities. Toxic manifestations are apparently due, in part, to oxidative stress. Alkylation of DNA takes place which may lead to generation of reactive oxygen species. Structure-activity relationships are examined, including reduction potentials and the captodative effect.
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