期刊
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
卷 37, 期 6, 页码 621-625出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2004.03.005
关键词
slurry density measurement; liquid density measurement; speed of sound measurement; slurry concentration measurement; weight percent solids measurement; suspension characterization; attenuation measurement; ultrasonic sensor; on-line sensor; process control; noninvasive; reflection coefficient; acoustic velocity measurement; food process measurement
The food industry can benefit from a highly sensitive, non-invasive, self-calibrating, on-line sensor for characterizing liquid or slurry in process vessels during mixing, settling, stationary, or flowing conditions by measuring the reflections at the fluid-sensor interface, sound speed, and attenuation of ultrasound to determine the fluid density and solids concentration. The sensor system was developed by staff at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The sensor transducers are mounted directly on the stainless steel wall and the pipeline wall becomes part of the measurement system. Multiple reflections within the stainless steel wall are used to determine the acoustic impedance of the liquid, where the acoustic impedance is defined as the product of the density and the speed of sound. The probe becomes self-calibrating because variations in the pulser voltage do not affect the measurements. By basing the measurement upon multiple reflections, the sensitivity of the measurement is significantly increased. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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