Systems thinking and green chemistry in the textile industry: concepts, technologies and benefits

The textile industry led the world into the industrial revolution and is leading the movement towards global manufacturing. During the period of 1980-1995, the textile industry in the United States was flourishing. It was during these times, that increased regulatory pressures initiated aquatic toxicity testing of wastewater discharges from publicly owned treatment works. Resolution of problems identified by these tests required the development of new toxicity assessment tools, and the use of systems thinking and community/industry/regulator dialogues. The case for the beneficial use of these tools is presented as an example of how to increase productivity through greener (environmentally conservative) production induced by cooperative stakeholder actions. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.